{"id":1764,"date":"2022-05-19T13:27:52","date_gmt":"2022-05-19T13:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arblog.praxilabs.com\/?p=1764"},"modified":"2025-04-23T15:38:40","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T15:38:40","slug":"ar-blog-oxidation-reduction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/ar-blog-oxidation-reduction\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.. \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 20 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 :<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/span><p><span 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href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/ar-blog-oxidation-reduction\/#%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%8A%D8%A4%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%9F\" >\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/ar-blog-oxidation-reduction\/#%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%E2%80%93_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%9F\" >\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/ar-blog-oxidation-reduction\/#%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9%D8%9F\" >\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\r\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629&#8221;. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646.<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627: <\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1765\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1765\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1765 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0635\u062f\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629-300x233.jpg\" alt=\"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\" width=\"300\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0635\u062f\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629-300x233.jpg 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0635\u062f\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.jpg 515w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1765\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0635\u062f\u064b\u0623\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1766\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1766\" style=\"width: 209px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1766\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\" width=\"209\" height=\"47\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1766\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628. \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 <\/span><b>(<\/b><b>O<\/b><b>2<\/b><b>)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646.&#8221;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1767\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1767\" style=\"width: 230px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1767\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646.jpg\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\" width=\"230\" height=\"38\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1767\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1768\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1768\" style=\"width: 229px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1768\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f-\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\" width=\"229\" height=\"31\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1768\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1769\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1769\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1769\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f-300x34.png\" alt=\"\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\" width=\"300\" height=\"34\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f-300x34.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f-310x36.png 310w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f.png 314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1769\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1777\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1777\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1777\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f-300x38.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f\" width=\"300\" height=\"38\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f-300x38.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f.png 308w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1777\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 <\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u060c<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">&#8220;\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a: O<sub>2<\/sub>, S, Br<sub>2<\/sub>, H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0646\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u060c<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 (3+) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f (Fe). \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1784\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1784\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1784\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0645-\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f-\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644-300x213.jpg\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0645-\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f-\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644-300x213.jpg 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0645-\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f-\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644.jpg 544w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1784\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1773\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1773\" style=\"width: 143px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1773\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631.jpg\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\" width=\"143\" height=\"34\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1773\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1774 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\" width=\"149\" height=\"71\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1771\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1771\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1771\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629-300x32.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629\" width=\"300\" height=\"32\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629-300x32.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629.png 333w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1771\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1772\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1772\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1772\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645\" width=\"242\" height=\"40\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1772\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646.&#8221;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1778\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1778\" style=\"width: 284px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1778\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\" width=\"284\" height=\"36\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1778\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1779\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1779\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1779\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642\u064a-300x27.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642\u064a\" width=\"300\" height=\"27\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642\u064a-300x27.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642\u064a.png 438w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1779\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1780\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1780\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1780\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643-300x31.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\" width=\"300\" height=\"31\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643-300x31.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643.png 306w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1780\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1783\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1783\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1783\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643-300x25.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643\" width=\"300\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643-300x25.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643.png 403w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1783\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 <\/span><b>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f.&#8221;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">&#8220;\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H<\/span><sub><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><\/sub><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HgCl<\/span><sub><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><\/sub><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, C<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u00a0\u062c\u0631\u0628<\/b> <b><a href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/ar\/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 45 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b><a class=\"maxbutton-1 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/request-free-demo\"><span class='mb-text'>\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646! \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2680 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627-\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.jpg\" alt=\"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644- \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627-\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.jpg 480w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627-\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/redox-reactions\/\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/a>. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0636.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644. \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 (redox reaction). \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1782\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1782\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1782\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631-1024x743.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631-768x557.jpg 768w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631-1536x1115.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631.jpg 1593w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1782\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">H2 + F2 \u2192 2 HF<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 542 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 2 \u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 H-F \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 F-F \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">H2 \u2192 2 H+ + 2 e\u2212<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">F2 + 2 e\u2212 \u2192 2 F\u2212<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 +1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 -1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">2 H+ + 2 F\u2212 \u2192 2 HF<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">H2 + F2 \u2192 2 HF<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A4%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A9%D8%9F\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2684 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644-\u0645\u0648\u0654\u0643\u0633\u062f-\u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629\u061f\" width=\"287\" height=\"176\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2682 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%83%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A4%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A9%D8%9F\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cl2(aq)+2Br\u2212(aq)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u27f6<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2Cl\u2212(aq)+Br2(aq)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2Br\u2212(aq)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u27f6<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Br2(aq)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629: -1 0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cl2(aq)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u27f6<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2Cl\u2212(aq)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629: 0 -1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Br- \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0646 Br- \u0625\u0644\u0649 Br2 \u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 Br- \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Cl2 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 Cl2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2 Cl- \u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u00a0 Cl2 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%A4%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u062a<\/b>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f Combination Reactions<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 Decomposition reaction<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 Displacement Reaction<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 Disproportionation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 Combustion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2681 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u061f\" width=\"863\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a.png 863w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a-768x294.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 863px) 100vw, 863px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%A4%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%9F\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u061f<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0623\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 )\u00a0 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u00a0 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631(\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644) \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>C<\/b><b>6<\/b><b>H<\/b><b>12<\/b><b>O<\/b><b>6<\/b><b> + 6O<\/b><b>2 <\/b><b>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 6 CO<\/b><b>2<\/b><b> + 6H<\/b><b>2<\/b><b>O + Energy<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 ATP.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (CO2)<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%8A%D8%A4%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%9F\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u061b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f. (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9_%E2%80%93_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%9F\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0C + O2 \u2192 CO2 (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Fe + S \u2192 FeS (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">H2S + Br2 \u2192 2 HBr + S (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0N2 + 3 H2 \u2192 2 NH3\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">ZnO + C \u2192 Zn + CO\u00a0 (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">2 FeCl3 + H2 \u2192 2 FeCl2 + 2 HCl (\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%A9%D8%9F\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a (Fe2O3.xH2O).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">4Fe + 3O2 + 2xH2O &#8211; &gt; Fe2O3.xH2O<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062d \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0632 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b><a class=\"maxbutton-1 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/sign-up\"><span class='mb-text'>\u0623\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646!<\/span><\/a><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b 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&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":1781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1764","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1764","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1764"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1764\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3337,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1764\/revisions\/3337"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1764"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1764"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1764"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}