{"id":394,"date":"2019-08-29T06:44:32","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T06:44:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arblog.praxilabs.com\/?p=394"},"modified":"2025-04-20T12:03:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T12:03:08","slug":"currents-war-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/currents-war-history\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 :<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/span><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 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serif;\">\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0643 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href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/currents-war-history\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A\" >\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/currents-war-history\/#1-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1\" >1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/currents-war-history\/#2-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF\" >2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/currents-war-history\/#%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA\" >\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\r\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-397\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/bigstock-high-power-electricity-poles-i-253610563-990x556.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"990\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/bigstock-high-power-electricity-poles-i-253610563-990x556.jpg 990w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/bigstock-high-power-electricity-poles-i-253610563-990x556-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/bigstock-high-power-electricity-poles-i-253610563-990x556-768x431.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0637\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0640 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631.\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u064d \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/the-most-important-applications-for-semiconductors-in-industry\/\">\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 AC). \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a (galvanic current) \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u201c\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628- \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u201c\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628- \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u201d .<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u201c\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0647\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627 50 \u0623\u0648 60 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u0645\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #800000; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/ar\/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a class=\"maxbutton-1 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/request-free-demo\"><span class='mb-text'>\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646!<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-396\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1-1-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"618\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/arabic\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 618px) 100vw, 618px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 (\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 (1882) \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (1885) \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f 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