{"id":604,"date":"2020-11-08T09:35:50","date_gmt":"2020-11-08T09:35:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.praxilabs.com\/?p=604"},"modified":"2025-10-11T20:01:11","modified_gmt":"2025-10-11T20:01:11","slug":"history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/","title":{"rendered":"History of Electricity, and Main Electricity Experiments Provided By PraxiLabs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imagine your daily life without lamps, working fans, and domestic appliances like electric stoves, A\/C, and more. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, modern means of transportation and communication. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">If there is no electricity in our world, what about factories? large machines? essential items like food, cloth, paper, and many other things that are produced based on electricity?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Actually, electricity is one of the most important blessings that science has given to mankind. It has also become a part of modern life and one cannot think of a world without it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><a class=\"maxbutton-3 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/virtual-labs\"><span class='mb-text'>Create a FREE Virtual Labs Account Now!<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The discovery of electricity changed lives drastically, starting from domestic use to industrial activities. It is one of the most important innovations of all time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">In your house, electricity is important for operating all appliances, entertainment, lighting and of course, all technology. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">When it comes to travelling, electricity is important for the use of electric trains, airplanes and even some cars.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4626 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Image-Compressor.org_95KB_History-of-Electricity-2.webp\" alt=\"high speed railway platform\" width=\"1270\" height=\"846\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Image-Compressor.org_95KB_History-of-Electricity-2.webp 1270w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Image-Compressor.org_95KB_History-of-Electricity-2-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Image-Compressor.org_95KB_History-of-Electricity-2-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Image-Compressor.org_95KB_History-of-Electricity-2-768x512.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1270px) 100vw, 1270px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">If you think about facilities such as schools, medical facilities such as hospitals, and retail facilities, all need electricity to run efficiently. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">When it comes to the medical field, electricity allows for the availability of X-Rays, ECG\u2019s and instant results regarding blood tests, as well as anything else. It allows for a more efficient medical practice in these facilities. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Electricity is also important for the purpose and operation of machines such as computers or monitors that display data to enhance medicine. Without electricity, hospitals and medicine would not be able to be advanced and cure illnesses, which would also result in more casualties.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Through this article, we will try to cover the history of electricity, the main physical concepts about it, and the virtual electricity experiments that are provided by the PraxiLabs virtual lab.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\r\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\r\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\r\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\r\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#History_of_Electricity\" >History of Electricity<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Beginning_of_Electricity\" >Beginning of Electricity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#AC_and_DC_Currents\" >AC and DC Currents<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#AC\" >AC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#3_Advantages_of_Alternating_Current_AC\" >3 Advantages of Alternating Current (AC)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Direct_Current_DC\" >Direct Current (DC)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Applications_of_the_Direct_Current\" >Applications of the Direct Current<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#6_Direct_Current_DC_Advantages\" >6 Direct Current (DC) Advantages<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Electricity_in_the_Modern_Era\" >Electricity in the Modern Era<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Main_Electrical_Concepts\" >Main Electrical Concepts:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Electrical_Voltage\" >Electrical Voltage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Electric_Current\" >Electric Current<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Resistance\" >Resistance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Electric_Power\" >Electric Power<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Electric_Charge\" >Electric Charge<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Resistor\" >Resistor<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Capacitor\" >Capacitor<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Electricity_Experiments_By_PraxiLabs\" >Electricity Experiments By PraxiLabs<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Measurement_of_a_Resistance_Using_Ammeter_and_Voltmeter\" >Measurement of a Resistance Using Ammeter and Voltmeter\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Characteristic_of_a_on-Ohmic_Resistance\" >Characteristic of a on-Ohmic Resistance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Magnetic_Moment_of_a_Bar_Magnet\" >Magnetic Moment of a Bar Magnet\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Kirchhoffs_laws\" >Kirchhoff\u2019s laws\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/history-of-electricity-and-main-electricity-experiments-provided-by-praxilabs\/#Try_Electricity_Expermints_Lab_for_Free\" >Try Electricity Expermints Lab for Free<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\r\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"History_of_Electricity\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>History of Electricity<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Beginning_of_Electricity\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Beginning of Electricity<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The first observation of electricity phenomenon in history dates all the way back to 500 B.C. when Thales of Miletus discovered static electricity by rubbing fur on amber. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Two thousand years later, in the 1600s, the English physician and physicist William Gilbert published the first theories about electricity in his book, De Magnete. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The next major text about electricity experiments and notes about the Mechanical Origin or Production of Electricity was published in 1675 by English chemist and physicist <a href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2019\/05\/16\/applications-of-boyles-law-en\/\">Robert William Boyle<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">In the early 1700s \u2013 decades before Franklin\u2019s kite \u2013 English scientist Francis Hauksbee made a glass ball that glowed when rubbed while experimenting with electrical attraction and repulsion. The glow was bright enough to read by, and this discovery would eventually lead to neon lighting a few centuries later.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fast forward to September 1882, when <\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/madison.com\/wsj\/news\/local\/odd-wisconsin-appleton-home-was-first-with-electric-light\/article_2fcd8d6a-19bb-5481-987a-91c6c8eb500a.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a house in Appleton, Wisconsin<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> became the first American home to be powered by hydroelectricity. The station that powered the home used the direct current (DC) system developed by Thomas Edison. Over the next several years, \u201cthe direct current versus alternating current (AC)\u201d debate captured attention, as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse (who championed AC), competed for contracts.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Until the early nineteenth century, AC was not known yet. It was only when Michael Faraday&#8217;s experiments started to shine, that AC began to be a familiar term. Alternating current contributed greatly in the<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\"> journey of reconstructing and forming our knowledge and perception of electromagnetism. Thanks to that, we were able to get the best benefits out of electromagnetism by indulging it into both the commercial life and the practical one.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><a class=\"maxbutton-3 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/pricing\"><span class='mb-text'>Try PraxiLabs Virtual Lab For FREE!<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5113 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-3.webp\" alt=\"History of Electricity\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-3.webp 768w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-3-225x300.webp 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">After Michael Faraday\u2019s experiments, the curiosity of knowledge moved to the United States of America, where a special scientific conflict we call today (Currents War) began. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">In 1882, Thomas Edison founded the world\u2019s first electrical power station in New York City to illuminate the Manhattan area using DC. However, after William Stanley invented the electrical transformer in 1885, the world began to move to a new stage that would irritate Mr. Edison and hurt his investments in DC, and this is what really happened with the discovery of AC by Nicola Tesla when inventing the engine that relies on AC current.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Then the United States divided into two teams, the first team calling for the use of AC power developed by Tesla and the Westin House, which started building its stations and ensured lower cost in the transmission and distribution operations, and the second team led by the inventor Edison, who illuminated New York for the first time and who promotes his direct current. He tried to prove that AC is dangerous, by shocking the animals with alternating current.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Read our blog about <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2019\/08\/29\/currents-war-and-its-history\/\">The Current War<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">At the end of this battle, AC prevailed, because of the limited distance from which DC can be transferred, unlike AC which is easy to transport to remote places.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AC_and_DC_Currents\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">AC and DC Currents<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AC\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">AC<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">AC is an electric current that periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Alternating current is the form in which electric power is delivered to businesses and residences, and it is the form of electrical energy that consumers typically use when they plug kitchen appliances, televisions, fans, and electric lamps into a wall socket.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Advantages_of_Alternating_Current_AC\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>3 Advantages of Alternating Current (AC)<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>1-<\/strong> The electrical power resulted from alternating current (AC) surpasses that of the direct current (DC), both practically and economically. This AC power can be transmitted too far between countries, or even across different continents! This feature is by all means not applicable by the usage of DC.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>2-<\/strong> AC is capable of transmitting information. For example, a loudspeaker converts a word&#8217;s contained information into AC.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>3-<\/strong> Being eco-friendly. Where alternating current can be easily generated from water or wind turbines.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Direct_Current_DC\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Direct Current (DC)<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A famous example of DC power is the battery. Direct current, simply abbreviated as DC, is a <strong>unidirectional<\/strong> flow of electric charges. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DC can flow through conductors, such as wires, as well as <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/2018\/11\/15\/applications-of-semiconductors-en\/\">semiconductors<\/a><\/span>, and insulators. It can also flow through vacuum, just as the electron beams or the ion ones. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With its constant directed electric current flow, the DC is thus distinguished from its counterpart, the alternating current (AC). The term <em>galvanic current\u00a0<\/em>was formerly used to describe this type of current.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Applications_of_the_Direct_Current\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Applications of the Direct Current<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">For underwater cables and transmitting electrical energy over very long distances, high voltage DC is our preferable choice. Low voltage applications also use DC, such as batteries which generate constant current. Since they cannot generate AC, solar cells also rely on DC, and are being used in photovoltaics.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Direct_Current_DC_Advantages\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>6 Direct Current (DC) Advantages<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The polarity does not reverse when direct current is used. Hence, the electrodes should be well accounted for whenever connecting an electrical circuit to DC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">By using a &#8220;wave bridge rectifier&#8221;, AC is easily converted into DC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The magnetic stability that comes with DC is the reason behind the flow of its electrons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">It gives a constant value with time, undergoing no variations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Its power factor is always equal to one.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The detected wave of DC looks like a wave of continuous pulses.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>The Evolution of Wiring and Electrical Components<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">In the earliest days of home electrification, electricity was often carried place to place by bare copper wires with minimal cotton insulation. Sockets, switch handles, and fuse blocks were made of wood. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">There were no voltage regulators and lights would dim and brighten in response to demand placed on the electrical grid. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">From about 1890 to 1910, knob and tube wiring was used for electric installation. In this early set-up, hot wires and neutral wires were run separately and were insulated using rubberized cloth, which degraded over time. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">From the 1920s to the 1940s, flexible armored cable, which offered some protection from wire damage, became commonplace. During the 1940s, electricians began using metal conduit, in which several insulated wires were enclosed in rigid metal tubes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5114 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-4.webp\" alt=\"Huge bunch of metal flexible protective shield\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-4.webp 1024w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-4-300x199.webp 300w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-4-768x510.webp 768w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-4-310x205.webp 310w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">During these years, the potential for danger was much higher than it is today because wires weren\u2019t grounded. If one of the \u201chot\u201d wires became damaged or some other mishap caused the electrical current to escape the wiring pathways, fire or severe electrical shock was often the result.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After 1965, grounded wires, which direct stray electrical current back into the ground, created a safer environment for homeowners. (If your house was built before 1965, ground circuit fault interrupters [GFCI] are a great upgrade option. Check with a <\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/mrelectric.com\/schedule-appointment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">licensed electrician<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for more information).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most modern homes also have circuit breakers that immediately shut off power if they sense an overload, providing additional safeguards.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><a class=\"maxbutton-3 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/\"><span class='mb-text'>Get Started Praxilabs For FREE<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electricity_in_the_Modern_Era\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Electricity in the Modern Era<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well into the 20<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> century, most Americans continued to illuminate their homes using gas lamps. In 1925, only half of American houses had electrical power. Thanks in great part to FDR\u2019s Rural Electrification Act of 1936, by 1945, 85 percent of American homes were powered by electricity, with virtually all homes having electricity by 1960.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Initially, electricity was used primarily for lighting. But as appliances like vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, and washing machines became more popular starting in the 1950s, demand for electricity grew by leaps and bounds. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">With today\u2019s myriad appliances and electronic devices, it\u2019s essential to have wiring and components that can handle the heavy load required to power our modern lives.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As we settle into the 21<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">st<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> century, electricity continues to evolve, yet innovations \u2013 at least when it comes to our sources of power \u2013 have come more slowly. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas have been our primary sources of electrical production since the early 20<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> century, and alternating current still reigns.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">But, there are changes underway.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Main_Electrical_Concepts\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Main Electrical Concepts:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electrical_Voltage\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Electrical Voltage<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Electrical voltage is defined as electric potential difference between two points of an electric field.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electric_Current\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Electric Current<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Electrical current is the flow rate of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">electric charge<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in electric field, usually in electrical circuit.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Resistance\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Resistance<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resistance is an electrical quantity that measures how the device or material reduces the <\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rapidtables.com\/electric\/Current.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">electric current<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> flow through it.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The resistance is measured in units of <\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rapidtables.com\/electric\/ohm.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ohms<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (\u03a9).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electric_Power\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Electric Power<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Electric power is the rate of energy consumption in an electrical circuit. The electric power is measured in units of watts.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electric_Charge\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Electric Charge<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Electric charge generates an electric field. The electric charge influences other electric charges with electric force and influenced by the other charges with the same force in the opposite direction.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Resistor\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Resistor<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Resistor is an electrical component that reduces the electric current.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Capacitor\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Capacitor<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capacitor is an electronic component that stores <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">electric charge<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The capacitor is made of 2 close conductors (usually plates) that are separated by a dielectric material. The plates accumulate electric charge when connected to a power source. One plate accumulates a positive charge and the other plate accumulates a negative charge.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The capacitance is the amount of electric charge that is stored in the capacitor at a voltage of 1 Volt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The capacitance is measured in units of <\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rapidtables.com\/electric\/farad.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Farad<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (F).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electricity_Experiments_By_PraxiLabs\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Electricity Experiments By PraxiLabs<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Measurement_of_a_Resistance_Using_Ammeter_and_Voltmeter\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Measurement of a Resistance Using Ammeter and Voltmeter\u00a0<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5115 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-5.webp\" alt=\"Digital multimeter isolated\" width=\"1127\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-5.webp 1127w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-5-220x300.webp 220w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-5-751x1024.webp 751w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/History-of-Electricity-5-768x1047.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1127px) 100vw, 1127px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Aim:<\/strong> Verify Ohm\u2019s law.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Learning Objective:<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">After this experiment, student should be able to: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u2022 Understand the relation between current and voltage in a circuit with Ohmic resistance. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u2022 Learn how to find the equivalent resistance when many resistors are connected in series or in parallel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Theory of Experiment<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">OHM&#8217;S Law states that when two points are taken on linear conductor, the ratio of the difference of potential, E, between those points to the current, I, flowing through the conductor is a constant. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">This constant ratio is termed the resistance, R, of the conductors. The reciprocal of R is the conductance. A resistor is a piece of apparatus used on account of its possessing resistance. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The most direct method of measuring resistance is to measure the potential difference, and the current. If a voltmeter measures the difference of potential in volts and the strength of the current is in amperes, is measured by an ammeter, the resistance is in ohms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Note carefully that the ammeter is connected in series with the resistance to be measured, while the voltmeter is connected across the ends of the resistance, so that, with a moving-coil instrument, the coil of the voltmeter is in parallel with the resistance. The terminals marked + on the ammeter and the voltmeter must be connected to the + pole of the battery or the power supply. In this method, the resistance of the conductor is measured while a current is flowing through it. The method is therefore applicable in cases where other methods fail; for instance, we can measure in this way the resistance of an incandescent electric lamp while it is glowing. This is a rough method only, though very convenient in many cases. It depends on the observed deflections of the ammeter and voltmeter and is thus not as accurate as a null method of measuring resistance. If the ammeter and voltmeter have not been calibrated, the result may be erroneous owing to errors of graduation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Characteristic_of_a_on-Ohmic_Resistance\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Characteristic of a on-Ohmic Resistance<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Aim:<\/strong> Verify the nonlinear relation between current and voltage in a non-Ohmic resistor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Learning Objective:<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">After this experiment, student should be able to: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Understand how resistance changes with temperature. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Understand the reciprocal relation between heat dissipated and current flow. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Understand why Tungsten is used in heating application and lamps. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Appreciate the intricacy of electric conductivity phenomena.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><a class=\"maxbutton-3 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/3d-science-simulations\"><span class='mb-text'>Try 3D Virtual Labs Now<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Theory of Experiment:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Let us select a particular sample of conducting material, apply a uniform potential difference across it, and measure the resulting current. If we plot the results, the experimental points clearly fall along straight line, which indicates that the ratio V\/I is constant. In this case, we say that the material obeys ohm&#8217;s law, which states that: A conducting device obeys ohm&#8217;s law if the resistance between any pair of points is independent of the magnitude and polarity of the applied potential difference.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A material that obeys ohm&#8217;s law is called Ohmic. There are some elements that do not obey ohm&#8217;s law, where the current does not increase linearly with the voltage. Also, note that these elements behave very differently for negative potential differences than it does for positive ones.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">If a current flows through a conductor, it will be heated, the greater the current, the higher becomes the temperature of the conductor. The rise in temperature is necessarily associated with an increase in electrical resistance. In these cases, ohm&#8217;s law cannot be satisfied.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Magnetic_Moment_of_a_Bar_Magnet\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Magnetic Moment of a Bar Magnet\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Aims:<\/strong> To determine the magnetic dipole moment of a bar magnet and its pole strength.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Learning Objectives<\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">By the end of this experiment, the student should be able to: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Explain the operation of the tangent galvanometer. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Setup an experiment to study the magnetic properties of a bar magnet. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Determine the value of the pole strength of a bar magnet.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-612 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff.jpg\" alt=\"Magnetic Moment of a Bar Magnet\u00a0\" width=\"815\" height=\"1151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff.jpg 815w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff-725x1024.jpg 725w, https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff-768x1085.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 815px) 100vw, 815px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kirchhoffs_laws\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Kirchhoff\u2019s laws\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Aim:<\/strong> Verification of Kirchhoff\u2019s laws.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Learning Objectives<\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">By the end of the experiment, the student should be able to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">State Kirchhoff\u2019s laws for electric circuits. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Apply Kirchhoff\u2019s current law at node (or junction) points in an electric circuit. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Apply Kirchhoff\u2019s voltage law around closed loops within electric circuits. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Deduce the value of the current in different branches of an electric circuit.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Theoretical background:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Analyzing electric circuits depends on two basic laws that were developed by the Russian scientist Justaff Kkirchhoff in 1845. They can be stated as follows: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Kirchhoff\u2019s first Law,<\/strong> It is based on the principle of conservation of charge. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>It states that<\/strong>: The sum of current that entering the junction equal the sum of current that leaves the junction. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Or The sum of all currents at a junction point in a circuit is zero, with the current entering the junction considered positive, and those leaving the junction are considered negative.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Kirchhoff\u2019s Second Law, <\/strong>It is based on the principle of conservation of charge. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>It states that:<\/strong> Around any closed path, the sum of all voltage drops on all branches within the loop is equal to the sum of the emf\u2019s of the batteries within the loop. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Or Around any closed loop or path in a circuit, the algebraic sum of all the voltage drops must equal zero.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Try_Electricity_Expermints_Lab_for_Free\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Try Electricity Expermints Lab for Free<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">PraxiLabs provides the electricity experiments lab for students, teachers, and researchers. Create your <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/virtual-labs\"><strong>free account<\/strong><\/a><\/span> and enjoy conducting the many physics electricity experiments online.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">You can access the virtual lab using the internet anywhere and anytime you want.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><a class=\"maxbutton-3 maxbutton\" href=\"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/virtual-physics-lab\"><span class='mb-text'>Join Us Now for FREE<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Imagine your daily life without lamps, working fans, and domestic appliances like electric stoves, A\/C, and more. Also, modern means of transportation and communication. If there is no electricity in our world, what about factories? large machines? essential items like food, cloth, paper, and many other things that are produced based on electricity?\u00a0 Actually, electricity &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4468,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-physics","category-e-learning","category-virtual-labs"],"modified_by":"Muhamed Elmesery","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=604"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5392,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604\/revisions\/5392"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/praxilabs.com\/en\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}