Biology

Last Updated on April 18, 2025 by Muhamed Elmesery To understand and study the world of microorganisms, we need special techniques or methods that are called “Microbiology techniques”.  Microbiology techniques are the methods used for studying microbes (ex: bacteria, fungi and protest). The purpose of these techniques include microbial identification, staining, engineering, survey, culturing and manipulation. What are Microbiological Techniques? …

Last Updated on May 15, 2025 by Muhamed Elmesery DNA extraction is one of the basic techniques employed in the molecular laboratory, done for the first time by Friedrich Miescher in 1869. In this article, we will focus on DNA extraction methods, comparing methods for more understanding. Along with this, we will explain DNA extraction protocol, DNA extraction experiment, and …

Last Updated on May 15, 2025 by Muhamed Elmesery Try to mention the expression of genetic engineering in humans among a bunch of people, or a community gathering. Now try to escape the endless amount of questions, hurdles, and debates that will arise. technical  Since their first days, genetic engineering, gene modification, and traits selection have always been controversial and …

Last Updated on May 15, 2025 by Muhamed Elmesery ELISpot assay stands for the enzyme-linked immunospot assay. It is a very sensitive method used for measuring the number of cytokines secreting cells. And then measuring the antigen-specific T cells. In this article we will disscus ElISpot principle, steps, benifits, protocol, applications and more. ELISpot Assay for T Cell Responses ELISpot …

Last Updated on May 18, 2025 by Muhamed Elmesery The Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is one of the most sensitive immunoassays available. The typical detection range for an ELISA is 0.1 to 1 fmole or 0.01 ng to 0.1 ng. It is a plate-based assay technique designed for detecting and quantifying peptides, proteins, antibodies, and hormones.  In an ELISA, …