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Adherent Cell Culture Virtual Lab using Mammalian Cell Lines

General Aim of Cell Culture Virtual Lab

•  The cell culture simulation aims at showing how cells are cultured, propagated, subcultured, and frozen in liquid nitrogen for long term storage. 

In Vitro Cell Culturing is a very important protocol for preparing cells needed for all subsequent In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity assays. 

Method of Cell Culture Virtual Lab

In Vitro Cell Culturing using Adherent Mammalian Cell Lines

Theoretical Background / Context of Adherent Cell Culture

• Cell culture is the growth of cells from an animal in an artificial, controlled environment. Cells are removed either from the organism directly and disaggregated before cultivation or from a cell line or cell strain that has previously been established.
• Certain culture conditions depend on the cell type; however, each culture must consist of a suitable vessel with a substrate or medium that supplies the nutrients (such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals), growth factors or essential hormones for culturing cells. 
• Gases (O₂, CO₂) and the physicochemical environment (pH, osmotic pressure, and temperature) also play an important role to regulate the proper cell growth in an artificial environment.

Working Principle of Cell Culture Virtual Lab

• Cell culture is an amazing tool that allows for easy control and manipulation of all physicochemical and physiological cell factors, such as temperature, osmotic pressure, pH, gas, hormones, and media and its supplements. 
• Media supplements help to optimize cell growth for specific applications depending on the chosen tissue or cell type. 
• To be successful in cell culture, it is essential to remain in a contamination-free environment (bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, etc.), so following aseptic techniques ensures that no microorganisms enter the cell culture.
• In mammalian cell culture laboratory protocol, adherent cell lines will be first thawed from liquid nitrogen and seeded in a cell culture flask. 
• Following 24 hours, cells will be visualized by light microscope for confluency, in order to define the best time for subculturing and scaling up of cells. 
• Once the cells exceed 90% confluency, they will be subcultured and passed into other culture vessels. 
• For long-term storage, cells will be frozen in a special freezing medium before storing them in liquid nitrogen.