Washed Red Blood Cells Preparation

Biology | Biochemistry | Genetics | Microbiology

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General Aim

  • Washed rbcs are red blood cells that have had most of the plasma, platelets, and white blood cells removed and replaced with saline or another type of preservation solution through the red blood cell washing procedure.

  • Suspension of washed red cells is needed for all haemagglutination tests, which requires proper washed red blood cells preparation.

Method of Washed Red Blood Cells Preparation

The following steps outline the washed red blood cells preparation process: A fresh fowl is bled directly from the heart under aseptic conditions. Collect 2 ml of blood with a syringe in a centrifugation tube with anticoagulant (citrated tube). The citrated blood is centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2500 rpm. The supernatant fluid is discarded. The compact RBCs are shaken with sterile normal saline solution. Then, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2500 rpm. The supernatant fluid is discarded again. The RBCs are washed once more with a normal saline solution, demonstrating how to wash red blood cells with saline. Then, centrifuged at the same rate (2500 rpm) for 15 minutes. After the final centrifugation, remove the supernatant without disturbing the pellet. Lastly, 0.1 ml of RBCs is suspended in 9.9 ml normal saline solution to obtain 1% RBCs suspension by volume, following the red cell suspension formula. Finally, store in a refrigerator at 4 °C till use.

Learning Objectives (ILOs)

  • Become proficient at performing washed red blood cells preparation consistently and accurately through this virtual cell lab experience.

  • Students will learn the essential concepts of haematological tests and the cell washing procedure.

Theoretical Background/Context

  • Washed red blood cells are red blood cells that have had most of the plasma, platelets, and white blood cells removed and replaced with saline or another type of preservation solution.

  • The most common reason for using washed red blood cells in transfusion medicine is to prevent the recurrence of severe allergic transfusion reactions that do not respond to medical treatment.

  • The usual cause of these allergic reactions is proteins in the donor plasma.

  • These proteins are removed by the process of washing the red blood cells.

  • There are multiple methods of washing red cells. These can include automated or manual methods. They can use centrifugation or centrifugation-free methods.

  • The red cells can be resuspended in saline or other types of special preservative solutions for red cells, e.g., SAG-M.

Uses:

  • Prevention of recurrence of severe allergic reactions through washed rbc transfusion.

  • Reduction in transfusion-related complications.

  • Haemagglutination tests

  • Understanding washed rbc indications is crucial for appropriate clinical application in transfusion medicine.

Principle Work of washed red blood cells preparation

  • A red cell suspension and washed red blood cells preparation are a common reagent used for many serologic procedures.

  • Red cell suspensions provide the appropriate serum to cell ratio to allow for grading and interpretation of test results.

 

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