Metals may be classified into six analytical groups, depending on the variation of the solubilities of their chlorides, sulphides, hydroxides,
and carbonates. for each group, there is a certain group reagent that makes a precipitate only with the members of this group.
The six analytical groups are summarized in the following table:
Basic radicals are classified according to the chemical tests carried out to identify them.
First principle test group identification test is carried out to determine which group the radical belongs to then some confirmatory tests are carried out to identify the basic radical.